Henry V 'once more unto the breach'

1. Find and Highlight where these techniques are used:

• repetition
• inclusive language
• alliteration
• metaphor

2. Answer the following Questions (use quotes where applicable):

• What characteristics does King Henry say are best for men in times of PEACE? He says that stillness and humility are the best.
• What should men be like in war? He says they should 'Imitate the action of the tiger'. Telling them that in the time of war live and breath rage. "Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood". This all comes into the rage factor.
• What does Henry say about the English and their ancestors? He says that all of them have fathers that have proved themselves in war. They have fought from morning till night and settled the war.
• What does he mean when he says 'Be copy now to men of grosser blood.'? Set examples for less noble men and teach them how to fight wars.
• What is Henry saying you have to become in order to be successful in war?

KING HARRY:
Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more,
Or close the wall up with our English dead.
In peace there's nothing so becomes a man
As modest stillness and humility,
But when the blast of war blows in our ears,
Then imitate the action of the tiger.
Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood,
Disguise fair nature with hard-favoured rage.
Then lend the eye a terrible aspect,
Let pry through the portage of the head
Like the brass cannon, let the brow o'erwhelm it
As fearfully as doth a galled rock
O'erhang and jutty his confounded base,
Swilled with the wild and wasteful ocean.
Now set the teeth and stretch the nostril wide,
Hold hard the breath, and bend up every spirit
To his full height. On, on, you noblest English,
Whose blood is fet from fathers of war-proof,
Fathers that like so many Alexanders
Have in these parts from morn till even fought
And sheathed their swords for lack of argument.
Dishonour not your mothers; now attest
That those whom you called fathers did beget you.
Be copy now to men of grosser blood,
And teach them how to war. And you, good yeomen,
Whose limbs were made in England, show us here
The mettle of your pasture; let us swear
That you are worth your breeding- which I doubt not,
For there is none of you so mean and base
That hath not noble lustre in your eyes.
I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips,
Straining upon the start. The game's afoot.
Follow your spirit, and upon this charge
Cry 'God for Harry, England, and Saint George!'

The Merchant of Venice: Act IV sc i - Portia

Find and highlight these techniques in the speech:
metaphor
alliteration
repetition

Answer the following questions using quotes where applicable:
How does Portia describe mercy? How important and powerful is it? She describes it as being mightiest in the mightiest obviously describing what she believes as very powerful action. She beleives that the quality of it is 'not strained' meaning that its qualities are limitless. This obviously means a lot too her and she see's it as something very important and powerful.
What can one achieve through mercy?
How is religion part of this speech? (You need to do some thinking on this one.) Portia brings God and religion quite a lot into this speech. She compares the power of mercy to something like God's, "And earthly power doth then show likest God's". 
PORTIA

The quality of mercy is not strain'd,
It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven
Upon the place beneath: it is twice blest;
It blesseth him that gives and him that takes:
'Tis mightiest in the mightiest: it becomes
The throned monarch better than his crown;
His sceptre shows the force of temporal power,
The attribute to awe and majesty,
Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings;
But mercy is above this sceptred sway;
It is enthroned in the hearts of kings,
It is an attribute to God himself;
And earthly power doth then show likest God's
When mercy seasons justice. Therefore, Jew,
Though justice be thy plea, consider this,
That, in the course of justice, none of us
Should see salvation: we do pray for mercy;
And that same prayer doth teach us all to render
The deeds of mercy. I have spoke thus much
To mitigate the justice of thy plea;
Which if thou follow, this strict court of Venice
Must needs give sentence 'gainst the merchant there.

Euthanasia Speech tehcniques and modes

In my Euthanasia speech I have attempted to use all of Aristotle’s three modes of persuasion. My speech mainly revolves around the Pathos mode and I think I have used it fairly well. I ask a few questions like “This thought is painful isn't it?” trying to get the listener to think about how they would feel if they were in that position. When I ‘put the scenario in the audiences arms’ I talk about having a relative very close to them that has a life of stillness and cannot move. Their life is dull and boring and not having any communication with the outside world. I then ask a very strong question, “Would you want this life?” This is also Pathos but I do believe that it is also a Rhetorical question
(technique) as obviously no one would want a life like this. A rhetorical question is also used at the end of my speech “Should this veteran of life and war not be allowed a good death?”

Almost at the end of the speech I use strong Pathos as I give a powerful reason as to why some terminally ill patients want to be euthanized, “It is not a cause that only affects the patient with the disease; no it affects the whole family. This is one of the reasons that some people decide they want to be euthanized. The simply do not want to put their family through so much pain and suffering.” This makes the audience think and hopefully makes them cringe as they would not like to be in such a situation.

I have also used a fair amount of repetition in my speech (another technique) when I am talking about how euthanasia means “a good death”. I use this frequently because I believe that it is unusual that something that has a name like ‘a good death’ is thought of as a sin and should be illegal. I use it in such cases as “the Greek word ‘Euthanatos’ comes to a literal meaning of ‘a good death’. So now in the 21st century what has changed?” and “When Pro- Life activists say that Euthanasia is bad, are they therefore saying that a ‘good death’ is bad or evil? So now I ask you, what is a good death?”, making reference to the expression ‘a good death’ in my introduction to the speech as I feel this misunderstanding of the original Greek translation is ironic.

Another mode of persuasion used is Logos which is used by using dates when I talk about the time Euthanasia was legalised in different countries and also used this mode by stating when and by whom Euthanasia was first used.

The final mode of persuasion used is Ethos when I have referred to the unfortunate position of my beloved grandfather was in and his family. “Well I’ve just introduced you to my great grandad. Should this veteran of life and war not be allowed a good death?”

Bold= quotes

Finished Euthanasia Speech

Good morning/ afternoon Mr Cav and Students

What do we really know about Euthanasia?

The definition of Euthanasia as given by the Oxford English Dictionary is: "the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable disease or in an irreversible coma". Euthanasia is a Greek word literally translating as "a good death".

Euthanasia is a topic that has been debated over for years. A topic that rallies and government debates have been fought over for years.

 Imagine me placing this scenario in your arms.

 A very close relative, someone who has seen the world and has been in the hospital for too long. Their life now is looking out of a window or staring up at the ceiling without any form of communication with the outside world. Would you want this life because personally I wouldn't, I would want the easy quick and painless way out of things, to finally be in happiness. This thought is painful isn't it?...... Well not nearly as painful as some of the things that these people now declared 'vegetables' have to deal with in their daily lives.

The one thing that people look forward too is their family coming to visit them. They want to be able to talk back, say that they love them, but they can't, they physically cannot say a word.

So why is it that the debate arises whenever Euthanasia is merely a discussion point?

Pondering on that how is it that a vet has the legal and ethical rights to offer euthanasia as a solution for our beloved pets where injuries may be as little as a broken leg, when it’s not even slightly considered where humans are concerned?

Euthanasia was legalized in the Netherlands in 2001 and in Belgium in 2002. In 1997 Oregon became the first state in the U.S. to decriminalize physician-assisted suicide. Recently, the government on the Isle of Man has come to a much debated conclusion and made the decision to legalize euthanasia.

People who are against euthanasia are called "Pro-life"; this is also the view of Christians who regard euthanasia as a sin. One of the main arguments that this group uses is the question of who can decide how advanced a terminal illness is in order for euthanasia to be acceptable.

Over 2000 years ago the Greeks and Romans, two of the greatest civilisations were the first to practice euthanasia. As I’ve mentioned previously the Greek word ‘Euthanatos’ comes to a literal meaning of ‘a good death’. So now in the 21st century what has changed?

When Pro- Life activists say that Euthanasia is bad, are they therefore saying that a ‘good death’ is bad or evil? So now ask you, what therefore is a good death?

Imagine a bed ridden, spoon fed, terminally ill, highly decorated war hero being degraded lying in an aged care facility without any way to communicate with his loved ones, who visit him every day just hoping for some change or sign of life. Well I’ve just introduced you to my great grandad. Should this veteran of life and war not be allowed a good death?

Euthanasia is not a cause that only affects the patient with the disease; no it affects the whole family. This is one of the reasons that some people decide they want to be euthanized. The simply do not want to put their family through so much pain and suffering

Now hopefully you are more informed as to what Euthenasia is and I leave you all to make your decision......

Speech version #3

The definition of Euthanasia as given by the Oxford English Dictionary is: "the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable disease or in an irreversible coma". Euthanasia is a Greek word literally translating as "a good death".

Euthanasia is a topic that has been debated over for years. A topic that rallies and government debates have been fought over for years.

 Imagine me placing this scenario in your arms.

 A very close relative, someone who has seen the world and has been in the hospital for too long. Their life now is looking out of a window or staring up at the ceiling without any form of communication with the outside world. Would you want this life because personally I wouldn't, I would want the easy quick and painless way out of things, to finally be in happiness. This thought is painful isn't it?...... Well not nearly as painful as some of the things that these people now declared 'vegetables' have to deal with in their daily lives.

The one thing that people look forward too is their family coming to visit them. They want to be able to talk back, say that they love them, but they can't, they physically cannot say a word.

So why is it that the debate arises whenever Euthanasia is merely a discussion point?

Pondering on that how is it that a vet has the legal and ethical rights to offer euthanasia as a solution for our beloved pets where injuries may be as little as a broken leg, when it’s not even slightly considered where humans are concerned?

Euthanasia was legalized in the Netherlands in 2001 and in Belgium in 2002. In 1997 Oregon became the first state in the U.S. to decriminalize physician-assisted suicide. Recently, the government on the Isle of Man has come to a much debated conclusion and made the decision to legalize euthanasia.

People who are against euthanasia are called "Pro-life"; this is also the view of Christians who regard euthanasia as a sin. One of the main arguments that this group uses is the question of who can decide how advanced a terminal illness is in order for euthanasia to be acceptable.

Over 2000 years ago the Greeks and Romans, two of the greatest civilisations were the first to practice euthanasia. As mentioned above the Greek word ‘Euthanatos’ comes to a literal meaning of ‘a good death’. So now in the 21st century what has changed?

When Pro- Life activists say that Euthanasia is bad, are they therefore saying that a ‘good death’ is bad or evil? So now ask you, what therefore is a good death?

Taking this further, do the Prolife activists believe that a bed ridden, terminally ill, decorated war hero should be degraded lying in an aged care facility without way to  communicate with his loved ones who visit him every day just hoping for some change or sign of life. Should this veteran of life and war not be allowed good death? his

Euthanasia is not a cause that only affects the patient with the disease, no it affects the whole family. This is one of the reasons that some people decide they want to be euthanized. The simply do not want to put their family through so much pain and suffering.

Things that must be included in Speech

Try to use more Repetition, Rhetorical question
Use Aristotle's modes of persuasion Logo's, Ethos and Pathos

Newer speech version #2

The definition of Euthanasia as given by the Oxford English Dictionary is: "the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable disease or in an irreversible coma". Euthanasia is a Greek word literally translating as "a good death".

Euthanasia is a topic that has been debated over for years. A topic that rallies and government debates have been fought over for years.

 Imagine me placing this scenario in your arms.

 A very close relative, someone who has seen the world and has been in the hospital for too long. Their life now is looking out of a window or staring up at the ceiling without any form of communication with the outside world. Would you want this life because personally I wouldn't, I would want the easy quick and painless way out of things, to finally be in happiness. This thought is painful isn't it?...... Well not nearly as painful as some of the things that these people now declared 'vegetables' have to deal with in their daily lives.

The one thing that people look forward too is their family coming to visit them. They want to be able to talk back, say that they love them, but they can't, they physically cannot say a word.

So why is it that the debate arises whenever Euthanasia is merely a discussion point.

Pondering on that, how is it that a vet has the legal and ethical rights to offer euthanasia as a solution for our beloved pets where injuries may be as little as a broken leg, when its not even slightly considered where humans are concerned?

Euthanasia was legalized in the Netherlands in 2001 and in Belgium in 2002. In 1997 Oregon became the first state in the U.S. to decriminalize physician-assisted suicide. Recently, the government on the Isle of Man has come to a much debated conclusion and made the decision to legalize euthanasia.

People who are against euthanasia are called "Pro-life"; this is also the view of Christians who regard euthanasia as a sin. One of the main arguments that this group uses is the question of who can decide how advanced a terminal illness is in order for euthanasia to be acceptable.

Over 2000 years ago the Greeks and Romans, two of the greatest civilisations that ever was were some of the first to practice euthanasia. As mentioned above the Greek word ‘Euthanatos’ comes to a literal meaning of ‘a good death’. So now in the 21^st century what has changed?

When Pro life activists say that Euthanasia is bad, are they therefore saying that a ‘good death’ is bad or evil? So now I can ask you, what is a good death?

 Do the Pro life activists therefore believe that a bed ridden terminally ill war hero should be degraded and kept alive and not allowed an good death

Speech

The definition of Euthanasia as given by the Oxford English Dictionary is: "the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable disease or in an irreversible coma". It comes from the Greek, literally translating as "a good death".
Euthanasia is a topic that has been debated over for years. A topic that rallies and government debates have been fought over for years. Imagine me placing this scenario in your arms. A very close relative, someone who has seen the world and has been in the hospital for too long. Their life now is looking out of a window or staring up at the ceiling. Would you want this life because personally I wouldn't, I would want the easy quick and painless way out of things, to finally be in happiness. This thought is painful isn't it? Well not nearly as painful as some of the things that these people now declared 'vegetables' have to deal with in their daily lives.
The one thing that people look forward too is their family coming to visit them. They want to be able to talk back, say that they love them, but they can't, they physically cannot say a word.
Euthanasia is legal in the Netherlands and in the state of Oregon in the U.S.A. Recently, the government on the Isle of Man has made a much debated decision to legalize euthanasia.

People who are against euthanasia are called "Pro-life"; this is also the view of Christians who regard euthanasia as a sin. There are other non-Christian reasons: one of the strongest arguments against euthanasia is the question of who can decide how advanced a terminal illness is in order for euthanasia to be acceptable.
On the other side of this argument are those campaigning for a change in the law which would legalize euthanasia, including The Voluntary Euthanasia Society.

One of their most publicized arguments, which was used extensively by Diane Pretty's lawyers, is that if a person was more physically able and did not need third party assistance to administer euthanasia, they could commit suicide, which is not necessary illegal on its own. Therefore it is argued that this is discrimination against people with physically deteriorating illnesses. That, they say, is in direct violation of the Human Rights Act, Article 14 which outlaws discrimination.

They feel that the fact that euthanasia is not administered to people suffering agonizing pain if they wish it is another violation of the Human Rights Act. Article 3 clearly states that it is everyone;s absolute right not to be subjected to inhuman or degrading treatment. By not allowing people the choice end their life, the law condemns them to prolonged suffering and increasing loss of dignity.

One argument of the "Pro-Life" camp is that we might see mass deaths if euthanasia became lawful. But those who are campaigning to legalize euthanasia say that figures such as those from Oregon show the opposite. In Oregon, only 0.1 percent of deaths in the last five years have been as a result of euthanasia.

The "pro-life" argument regarding improvement in pain control through drugs, hospices etc. only covers those dying in pain. It does not apply to those suffering debilitating illnesses and physical collapse of their body -- for example, those suffering from Motor Neurone Syndrome. In these circumstances, the loss of independence and the breakdown of all bodily functions ensures a slow, undignified death, understandably some of these patients would welcome euthanasia.

Before I began writing up this discussion, I would have said that I felt that euthanasia was a viable option for those with terminal illnesses, but now I accept, not the moral and Christian views which say euthanasia is a sin, but views of people such as Sidney Cohen. He understood that he was going to die, was relieved of pain, and began to live a full life for the short while he had left. He was thankful euthanasia was not an option when he requested it. On the other hand, he was still in physical control of most of his body, unlike cases such as Diane Pretty's. She could never live a full life again after her debilitating illness set in on her. She was totally dependent on others. For this reason I have come to the conclusion that I would like to see euthanasia legalized. If it was legalized, then I would strongly recommend that hefty safeguards be put in place, in order to protect the vulnerable.

i is good at anglesh: ROSS M-G Speech Feedback

i is good at anglesh: ROSS M-G Speech Feedback: "Did the introduction capture you? The intro is very captivating and really makes you think about the situation and the topic, it makes me wa..."

Hamish Phillips feedback

HAMISH PHILLIPS!!!!

• Did the introduction capture you? Yes it did although he needs to keep the audience captured within the facts. He did well with this but it is hard to keep people engaged when talking about facts.
• Is there enough information to convince you of their opinion? Yes because he is talking about children he makes you put the position in your arms and this makes you sad. It is a mix between Ethos and Pathos but mostly Ethos which is why he has to keep the audience engaged with the facts.
• Is their opinion clearly organised? Yes he really wants to get this put in the open about how bad it is. He is telling us that it is very bad and that it leads a percentage of children to end up in jail and commit a violent crime.
• What suggestions would you make to improve the speech? Involve the audience and keep asking rhetorical questions like you already are, because it really engages them.

Draft for Speech

Euthanasia is a topic that has been debated over for years. A topic that rallies and government debates have been fought over for years. It is a very sad topic and one that I have and many others with me have experienced personally. Imagine me placing this scenario in your arms. A very close relative, someone who has seen the world and has been in the hospital for too long. Their life now is looking out of a window or staring up at the ceiling. Would you want this life because personally I wouldn't, I would want the easy quick and painless way out of things, to finally be in happiness. This thought is painful isn't it? Well not nearly as painful as some of the things that these people now declared 'vegetables' have to deal with in their daily lives.
The one thing that people look forward too is their family coming to visit them. They want to be able to talk back, say that they love them, but they can't, they physically cannot say a word.

Friday 18th March

Nature of Task
Persuasive texts are designed to position a point of view. (opinion - thesis)
Texts that successfully persuade are usually highly emotive (emotional words + influence listener/audience emotions) and effectively balance opinions with facts (research- logos).
Persuasive texts can make sweeping generalisations (uniformed conclusion), rely on stereotypes and hyperbole and yet still seem credible.
This is because a combination of objective (facts) and subjective (opinion) information is usually used to persuade.
Careful use of repetition and high modality words (persuasive techniques) can emphatically convey the composer’s purpose if it is counterbalanced with the use of statistics, expert evidence and product/idea endorsement from authoritative sources (ethos)(objective) 
Moreover, effective incorporation of anecdotes (personal story), analogies (comparison) and inclusive language (we, is, ours- include the audience)(techniques) can personalise the message and help connect the composer and their text with its audience.
Info:
objective and subjective (facts + opinions)

Focal point:
thesis

how are we going to convey:
mode of persuasion
techniques

Stronger than diamonds, quicker than lightning, bigger than the sun! CAS

I have a dream that every boy of Knox will arrive in a Tsunami of cheering and excitement. I have a dream that Barker will glance at it's foes and see a sight very rare, yes very rare! I have a dream that every Knox boy will turn up to CAS swimming and take down our foes!
There is a pool down in homebush. That stands quiet and lonely at this moment in time, but in 6 days today the grand stands of the SOPAC will be deafening and the mighty Knox army will march on to victory.
Knox boys will never give up! together we are stronger than diamonds, quicker than than a lightning bolt and bigger than the sun!
Years 7-12 have been in the pool almost every morning, STRONGER THAN DIAMONDS!
They are prepared physically, QUICKER THAN LIGHTNING!
But are they prepared mentally? No they cannot help themselves with this, we must return a small favor for them and turn up on Thursday to give back to them what they have sacrificed so much for this school. BIGGER THAN THE SUN!
I can not jump in the pool and help these swimmers, no I can't! I would if I could you know that I would. But I can support, to be on report and do my duty beside the pool! This is our duty boys! Rise to the occasion and help these athletes be there best. Because Weet-Bix isn't all they need!
Guys I mean come on It's not torture! I mean I've been every year and I've had an absolute splash! Come this year and I assure you it will be the loudest, craziest, wettest, funnest (not a word), biggest night of your life! So come on dip your toes in and have a bomb even though it says u can't! Cus remember we're Knox boys and we're STRONGER THAN DIAMONDS, QUICKER THAN LIGHTNING and BIGGER THAN THE SUN!
Thank you


This is a Pathos speech

Watch the Obama Speech from about 8min in and read the transcript. What techniques does Obama use that MLK use?

But the reason our campaign has always been different, the reason we began this improbable journey almost a year ago is because it's not just about what I will do as president. It is also about what you, the people who love this country, the citizens of the United States of America, can do to change it.

That's what this election is all about.

That's why tonight belongs to you. It belongs to the organizers, and the volunteers, and the staff who believed in this journey and rallied so many others to join the cause.

We know the battle ahead will be long. But always remember that, no matter what obstacles stand in our way, nothing can stand in the way of the power of millions of voices calling for change.

We have been told we cannot do this by a chorus of cynics. And they will only grow louder and more dissonant in the weeks and months to come.

We've been asked to pause for a reality check. We've been warned against offering the people of this nation false hope. But in the unlikely story that is America, there has never been anything false about hope.

(APPLAUSE)

For when we have faced down impossible odds, when we've been told we're not ready or that we shouldn't try or that we can't, generations of Americans have responded with a simple creed that sums up the spirit of a people: Yes, we can. Yes, we can. Yes, we can.

It was a creed written into the founding documents that declared the destiny of a nation: Yes, we can.

It was whispered by slaves and abolitionists as they blazed a trail towards freedom through the darkest of nights: Yes, we can.

It was sung by immigrants as they struck out from distant shores and pioneers who pushed westward against an unforgiving wilderness: Yes, we can.

It was the call of workers who organized, women who reached for the ballot, a president who chose the moon as our new frontier, and a king who took us to the mountaintop and pointed the way to the promised land: Yes, we can, to justice and equality.

Yes, we can, to opportunity and prosperity. Yes, we can heal this nation. Yes, we can repair this world. Yes, we can.

And so, tomorrow, as we take the campaign south and west, as we learn that the struggles of the textile workers in Spartanburg are not so different than the plight of the dishwasher in Las Vegas, that the hopes of the little girl who goes to the crumbling school in Dillon are the same as the dreams of the boy who learns on the streets of L.A., we will remember that there is something happening in America, that we are not as divided as our politics suggest, that we are one people, we are one nation.

And, together, we will begin the next great chapter in the American story, with three words that will ring from coast to coast, from sea to shining sea: Yes, we can.

Thank you, New Hampshire. Thank you. Thank you.

Answer: Makes it not about himself and talking about their responsibility and what him and they will do. He uses a bit of repetition with the "Yes we can". He is using a catch phrase, MLK uses I have a Dream and Obama uses "Yes we can". He was referencing back to the founding documents, which uses facts that all the people believe in. Using Ethos with the founding documents makes his speech stronger because everyone finds this important. He calls to the different parts of the land just like MLK did with Mississipi and other states. Obama says, "

the struggles of the textile workers in Spartanburg are not so different than the plight of the dishwasher in Las Vegas". This is just like what MLK was doing in his speech (reaching out to the different states). He brought children into it just like MLK did with his children. When he is talking about them all being one nation this is very similar to one of MLK's speech. In the Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln also uses this in his speech. He ends it with "Yes we can". He left it with the word that he was repeating throughout the speech, just like MLK.

Logos!

In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the "unalienable Rights" of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds."

But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.

Dim= Yellow

Ross= Blue

Campbell= Purple

Andy= Green